The Delhi Sultanate developed an Indo-Persian style of painting that drew heavily from schools in Iran and Jain paintings.

Despite Islamic injunctions against anthropomorphic figures in art, the Delhi Sultanate patronized a vast cannon of painting and artistic work.

It is characterized by an octagonal main chamber with Islamic pointed arches, stone chhajjas (projecting eaves supported by carved brackets borrowed by Muslim empires from Hindu architecture), and guldastas (ornamental flower-shaped pinnacles) on the roof, both of which would eventually become common features of Mughal architecture. There is little architecture remaining from the Sayyid and Lodi periods, but a few fine examples survive in the Lodi Gardens in Delhi, including the tomb of Mohammad Shah, the last sultan of the Sayyid Dynasty, built in 1444. Built in 1311 CE by the second Khilji sultan of Delhi, Ala-ud-din Khilji, it features the earliest surviving true dome in India. Another building of historical importance in the development of Indo-Islamic architecture is the Alai Darwaza, the main gateway on the southern side of the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque in the Qutb complex. The Qutb Minar is located in Mehrauli Archeological Park, which also contains other fine examples of Delhi Sultanate architecture, including the tomb of the sultan Balban (who reigned from 1266вЂ“1287 CE), the first known building in India to feature a true arch. Its accompanying gateway, the Alai Darwaza, bears the first surviving true dome in India. The Qutb Minar and the Alai Darwaza: One of the earliest and best known of the Delhi Sultanate architectural monuments, and also the tallest minaret in India. The walls of the minaret are covered with Indian floral motifs and verses from the Quran. It comprises several superposed flanged and cylindrical shafts, separated by balconies supported by Muqarnas corbels (an architectural ornamentation reminiscent of stalactites employed in traditional Islamic and Persian architecture). Made of fluted red sandstone and marble, the Qutb Minar is the tallest minaret in India, standing at a height of 238 feet. Qutb-ud-din Aibak, the governor of Delhi and, subsequently, the first sultan of the Delhi Sultanate (ruling from 1206вЂ“1210 CE), started the construction of the Qutb Minar in 1192, which was completed after his death by his successor Iltutmish. The SultanateвЂ™s greatest contribution to the fine arts of India lies in their advances in architecture. However, the fusion of indigenous and Muslim customs and styles under the Delhi Sultanate gave rise to the beginnings of Indo-Islamic art and architecture, which reached its zenith in later years under the Mughal emperors. They enacted Islamic prohibitions of anthropomorphic representations in art, which had been common at the time. The early rulers of the Delhi Sultanate are often viewed as iconoclastic pillagers, best known for their indiscriminate destruction of Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain temples. In the 16th century, the last of their line was overthrown by the Mughals, who established the the Mughal Empire in India. The Delhi Sultanate refers to the five short-lived Muslim kingdoms of Turkic and Pashtun (Afghan) origin that ruled the territory of Delhi between 12 CE.

anthropomorphic: Having the form or attributes of a human.

iconoclastic: Characterized by attack on established beliefs or institutions.corbel: A structural member jutting out of a wall to carry a superincumbent weight.

There is little architecture remaining from the Sayyid and Lodi periods, but a few fine examples survive in the Lodi Gardens in Delhi, including the tomb of Mohammad Shah, the last sultan of the Sayyid Dynasty, built in 1444.The Alai Darwaza is the main gateway on the southern side of the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque in the Qutb complex built in 1311 CE, it features the earliest surviving true dome in India.Built by the first sultan of Delhi, the Qutb Minar is the tallest minaret in India, the walls of which are covered with Indian floral motifs and verses from the Quran.The Delhi SultanateвЂ™s greatest contribution to Indian fine arts, however, was the introduction of Islamic architectural features, including true domes and arches, and the integration of Indian and Islamic styles of architecture.The early rulers of the Delhi Sultanate are often viewed as iconoclastic pillagers, best known for their indiscriminate destruction of Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain temples and enacting prohibitions of anthropomorphic representations in art.The Delhi Sultanate refers to the five short-lived Muslim kingdoms of Turkic and Pashtun (Afghan) origin that ruled the territory of Delhi between 12 CE.

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